Ratchet-drill.



Patented .Iuly 3, |900.

D. S. WILLIAMS.

RATGHET DRILL.

(Applicatiqn filed Dec. 30, 1899.)

IuurmuuInuunM-g NITED STATES? PAT-EN Eric.

DANIEL s. WILLIAMS, OE SALIDA, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR oEzTWo-,THIRDS To FRED R. WATERS AND e. W. BENNETT, OE SAME PLACE.-

RATOH ET-DRILL.

sPEcIFIcATIoN'frming part QfLet'ers patent No. 652,827, dated July 3, 1900.

Application inea Dember so, 18,9'9. serai No. 742,126. A(No man.)

.To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I,- DANIEL S. WILLIAMS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Salida, in the county of Chaffee and State of Colorado, have invented a new and useful Ratchet-Drill, of which the following is a specification. l

My invention relates to a novel metal-drill, and has for its object to embrace within the Io drill structure a bit-head which when disassociated from the v`metal-drill as a complete structure may be employed Yas a holder for rock-drills. p

To the accomplishment of this object, the invention consists in providing a metal-drill with a short head "or holder of the same internal cross-sectional contour throughout and provided with diametrically-opposed bit channels in vorder that the head of the metalzo drill may also be used as the bit-holder of the rock-drill; and the invention consists, further, in constructing the metal-drill with a screw-block designed to be detachably iitted into the head or holder and in telescoping the feed-screw carried by saidblock into the shank of the metal-drill bit in order that the feed requisite in a metal-drill may be obtained in a metal-drill structure which includes a comparatively-short head adapted 3o when disassociated for use as the bit-holder of a rock-drill. The invention consists, still further, in the construction and arrangement' hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and embraced within the scope ofhtheap'pended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a perspective view of a ratchetdrill constructed in accordance with the present invention, the

4o several parts being operatively associated and ready for use. Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the frame-plates and head, showing the feed-screw, 4screw-bleek, and boring-bit or drill-point, said parts, with the exception of the. feed-screwand the lower part of the bit or drill, being shown in seotion. Fig. 3A is a plan view of the device omitting the handle, the adj acentframe-plate being removed to show the engagement be- 5o tween the rotatable head and the boX. Fig. 4 is a detailed perspective view of a boring- V bit adapted tobe associated with the rotatable head. Fig. 5 ,is a similar view of the screw-block or nut. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating the mannerof 5 5 inserting the boring-bit through the rotatable head. Y

Similar numerals of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings. 6o

In the drawings, 1 designates the stock of the drill, which is provided at one end with a handle- 2 and at its opposite end with parallel members or frame-plates 3, forming bearings for the rotatable head, (indicated at 4.) The central portion of the rotatable head 4 is enlarged or provided with a collar 5the peripheral edge ofwhich has ratchet-teeth 6, and the width ofv'said collar is equal to the distance between the frame-plates 3, so as to 7o `prevent. displacementof the head and hold it securely in operative relation to the plates. The end portions of the head 4 are comparatively smaller and are cylindrical in shape to form journal' portions 7, which Iit rotatably 75 in openings in the frame-plates. Mounted between the frame-plates are dogs 8, which are fulcrumed intermediate their ends on pins 9. The engaging end of one of the dogs -is straight, while the smaller end of the other 8o dog is hooked or bent `-backV to form the engaging point 9. Onejdog operates with a pushing force and the other with a pulling force O11 the head when the lever or handle is moved in one direction. The opposite or outer ends of the dogs are extended to form handle portions 10, and such portions are normally pressed outward away from the stock opening 12 of polygonal form or comprising 95' a plurality of fiat sides or bit-engaging surfaces 13. The openingis shown as 4comprising six flat sides corresponding to the'crosssectional shape of the standard rock-drill or bit 13a; but it will be evident that the num- Ico' ber of flat surfaces comprised by said opening-may be increased or diminished at will.

The head also comprises oppositely-located bit-channels 14 in order to adapt the comparatively-wide cutting-point of the rock-drill or bit 13ato be inserted through the rotatable head, the said bit-channels being in the nature of radial extensions of the opening 12. By such construction the boring-bit or drillpoint may be inserted point first through the head, after which the shank of the bit will be engaged by the flat sides of the opening 12, thus insuring the rotation of the drillpoint or boring-bit when corresponding movement is imparted to the rotatable head.

The improved implement of my invention is adapted to be used in connection with a drill for forming holes in stone or rock, and it is common in the art to employ a drillingtool such as shown by Fig. 6, which tool is provided at its working end with an expanded bit. It is to be understood that the stoneworking tool has its lower end of a width exceeding the diameter of the shank, and this shank is polygonal in cross-section for the purpose of snugly fitting in the axial opening of the revoluble head. In the operation of the implement the drill is inserted point first through the revoluble head, so that the expanded point passes through the channels or openings 14, while the polygonal shank is snugly received in the corresponding opening n of said head. The movement of the handle operates the dogs. to rotate the head, which in turn rotates the tool, so as to produce the opening in the stone; butto feed the tool up to the work it is customary to hammer down on the head of the tool. In the course of time the head becomes battered or enlarged by hammering the end thereof, and it is difficult to withdraw the drill from the revoluble head, because the working endof the tool exceeds the diameter of the head, while the battered upper end of the tool prevents the latter from boing drawn through the axial opening of said revoluble head. My construction obviates this objection, because the drilling-tool may be withdrawn from the revoluble head by slipping said tool endwise in an upward direction for the expanded working end thereof to pass through the channels 14 of the revoluble head.

There the implement is to be used fordrilling metal, a special boring-bit or drill-point 15 is provided, the same having its butt-end reduced to form a shoulder 16 and provide a shank 17, which is polygonal in form and of a cross-sectional shape corresponding to and adapted to it within the opening 12 of the head 4,A thus securing an interlocking fit between the head and boring-bit. In order to secure the bit 15 in place, the head is provided near its lower end with a thickened oiset or lugv 18,` which is pierced by a binding-screw 19, the inner end of which impinges against the shank 17 and secures the bit in place. Within the opposite end of the head 4 is inserted the polygonal shank 2O of a screw-b1ock or nut 21. The shank 20 corresponds in shape to the opening 12, so that the block or nut 21 is caused to turn with the head 4. The block 21 is provided with an axial screw-threaded opening 22, extending therethrough to receive the feed-screw 23. The screw 23 is provided adjacent to its outer end with an enlarged collar 24, having a transverse opening 25 for the reception of a rod or handle wherewith to turn the screw for feeding the drill orbit toward the work. The extremity of the feedscrew 23 is provided with an annular groove 26, in which are received the inner ends of a pair of oppositely-arranged keys or pins 27,

which pass through diametrical openings in the swivel-head 28, which is journaled to turn on the end portions of the feed-screw beyond the collar 24, the latter forming a seat for the swivel-head. The outer surface of the swivelhead is milled or roughened, as shown at 29, and is adapted to engage and rest against any xed surface opposite that being drilled. In order to accommodate as long a feed-screw as possible and yet secure a compact arrangement, the shank 17 of the drill-point or bit is made hollow or recessed, as shown at 30, so that when the screw is turned inward its inner end will enter the recess and allow the collar 24 to be brought close to the outer end of the screw-block 2l.

In order to remove the rotatable head 4, 011e of the frame-plates 3 may be detached from the stock l. One of the frame-plates is also provided with a clearance-slot 3l, adapted to permit the passage of the lug 18 on the rotatable head above described.

It is to be understood that it sometimes becomes necessary to remove the revoluble head from the implement. The frame-plate which is not provided wit-h the clearance-slot is made i detachable from the handle, and to remove said revoluble head endwise in a direction for the lug 18 to pass through the slot 31. The parts may be replaced by reversing the order of adj ustment of the head and the frame-plate,

after which the binding-screw 19 should be replaced.

It will now be clear that my invention comprehends a metal-drill constructed and arranged in a novel manner in order that when its parts are disassociated the bit-holder may be used for the ordinary stone-drilling bit,

. which, as is well known, comprises an expanded cutting-head designed to be located below the bit-stock and with a comparatively-long polygonal shank extending aboveV the stock and designed to be struck with asledge. It

is in order to permit this dual adaptation `of the holder or head that its opening is of `uniform transverse contour throughout its length, as this peculiarity is necessary in order to accommodate ordinary forms of rock- IOO IIO

drill bits. This necessary structural arrangement or design of the head necessitates a novel agroupment of parts in order to accommodate the holder for use as a component part of a metal-drill, and that novelty resides in the provision of a screw-block and bit .each provided with a shank conforming to the contour of the opening in the'head and seated in the opposite ends thereof. A proper bearing for the feed-screw is thus provided, and the head is rendered as effective for use in connection with a metal-drill as it is for use in connection with the ordinary rock-drill bit. There is still another consideration,how ever, which must receive attention in constructing a device of this character and that is that for rock-drilling a comparatively-short head must be utilized, as it frequently happens that the rock-iissures in whichv the drill is located-as, for instance, in sinking chargeholes-are frequently narrow and necessitate the employment of a very short bit in order to give sufficient room between the end of the bit and the adjacent wall of the fissure to permit themanipulation of the Sledge or hammer. It is for this reason that in constructing my metal-drill I use acomparatively-short head and hollow out the shank or tang of the bit for the reception of the feed-screw, as such employment of the short head adapted for use as a rock-drill holder necessitates special provision for obtaining a proper length of feed when the holder is used as a head for a metabdrill, and this provision is made, as indicated, by telescoping the screw with the shank. Obviously the shank could not be telescoped with the screw in this form of metal-drill, because, unlike metal-drills of ordinary construction, this device comprehends the employment of a head or holder of uniform internal contour throughout, and this necessitates the employment of a drill-bit whose shank conforms to the interior of the head or holder, and as the The upper extremity of the feed-screw is of conical form, as at 23 in Figs. l and 2. This conical extremity of the screw extends through the swiveled head and beyond the milled upper surface thereof, whereby the conical end of the screw is adapted to be countersunk in soft material, such as wood, while the swiveled head bears firmly against the surface in which the conical-ended screw is seated. This reduces the friction between the screw and the surface against which its conical end bears.

From the foregoing it is thought that the construction, operation, and many advantages of the herein-described invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion, and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing'any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is

l. In a ratchet-drill, the combination with a head provided with drill-channels in its interior walls, of a handle the hub of which surrounds the head, and pawls attached to the handle, whereby the device may be employed as a holder for rock-drills.

2. In a metal-drill, the combination with a head provided with an opening of the same cross-sectional contour throughout, whereby said head may be employed as a rock-drill holder, of a drill-bit and screw-block having shanks fitted in the opposite ends ofthe head, and a feed-screw passing axially through the screw-block and telescoping with the shank of the bit.

8. In a metal-drill, the combination with a head provided with an opening of the same cross-sectional contour throughout and having bit-channels, whereby said head may be employed as a rock-drill holder, of a drill-bit and screw-block having shanks fitted in the opposite ends of the head, and a feed-screw pass-ing axially through the screw-block and telescoping with the shank of the bit.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own. I have hereto aiiixed my signature in the presence lof two witnesses.

DANIEL S. WILLIAMS.

Vitnesses:

J AMES W. DE Wnnsn, ALBERT LAUB.

IOO 

